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The American Psychological Association's APA website has comprehensive styles guidelines by topic and an informative blog: https://apastyle.apa.org/
You can also consult the print edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association available via Library Search.
Missing | Solution |
Nothing - all elements are present |
Provide the author, date, title, and source of the work. Note: reference as per resource type as above |
|
Reference: Author. (Date). Title. Source. |
In-text Citation: (Author, year) OR Author (year) |
Author |
Provide the title, date, and source. |
|
Reference: Title. (Date). Source. |
In-text Citation: (Title, year) OR Title (year) |
Date |
Provide the author, write “n.d.” for “no date”, and then provide the title and source. |
|
Reference: Author. (n.d.). Title. Source. |
In-text Citation: (Author, n.d.) OR Author (n.d.) |
Title |
Provide the author and date, describe the work in square brackets, and then provide the source. |
|
Reference: Author. (Date). [Description of work]. Source. |
In-text Citation: (Author, year) OR Author (year) |
Author and date |
Provide the title, write “n.d.” for “no date”, and then provide the source. |
|
Reference: Title. (n.d.). Source. |
In-text Citation: (Title, n.d.) OR Title (n.d.) |
Author and title |
Describe the work in square brackets, and then provide the date and source. |
|
Reference: [Description of work]. (Date). Source. |
In-text Citation: ([Description of work], year) OR [Description of work] (year) |
Date and title |
Provide the author, write “n.d.” for “no date”, describe the work in square brackets, and then provide the source. |
|
Reference: Author. (n.d.). [Description of work]. Source. |
In-text Citation: (Author, n.d.) OR Author (n.d.) |
Reproduced from: American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (7th ed., p. 284).